Remap keyboard on the Linux console

 Remapping the keyboard on the Linux console involves editing the keymap configuration, which is typically stored in a file called `keymap`. Here's how you can remap keys on the Linux console:


1. **Check Your Current Keymap**:

   Before making any changes, it's a good idea to check your current keymap to know what you're starting with. You can do this with the `showkey` command:


   ```bash

   showkey

   ```


   This command will display the keycodes associated with each key on your keyboard.


2. **Backup Your Existing Keymap**:

   It's essential to back up your existing keymap configuration before making changes. The keymap file is usually located in `/usr/share/kbd/keymaps/`. You may have a keymap file like `us.map.gz`. Make a backup of this file, for example:


   ```bash

   sudo cp /usr/share/kbd/keymaps/i386/qwerty/us.map.gz /usr/share/kbd/keymaps/i386/qwerty/us.map.gz.bak

   ```


3. **Edit the Keymap File**:

   Use a text editor (such as `nano`, `vim`, or `emacs`) to edit the keymap file. You'll need root privileges to do this. Here, we use `nano` as an example:


   ```bash

   sudo nano /usr/share/kbd/keymaps/i386/qwerty/us.map

   ```


   Inside the keymap file, you will see a list of keycodes and their corresponding key symbols.


4. **Remap Keys**:

   To remap a key, locate the key's keycode and change its corresponding symbol to the symbol you want to remap it to. Save your changes when you're done.


5. **Compile the Keymap**:

   After editing the keymap file, you need to compile it using the `loadkeys` command:


   ```bash

   sudo loadkeys /usr/share/kbd/keymaps/i386/qwerty/us.map

   ```


   Replace the path with the location of your edited keymap file.


6. **Verify the Changes**:

   Test the changes by typing on the console and making sure the keys have been remapped according to your modifications.


7. **Make the Changes Permanent**:

   To make your changes permanent, you can add a line to your system's startup files. The specific file and method may vary depending on your Linux distribution. Here are a few examples:


   - For systems using `systemd`, you can add a command to load your keymap in the `/etc/vconsole.conf` file:


     ```plaintext

     KEYMAP=/usr/share/kbd/keymaps/i386/qwerty/us.map

     ```


   - For systems using `init`, you can add a command to load your keymap in the `/etc/rc.local` file:


     ```bash

     loadkeys /usr/share/kbd/keymaps/i386/qwerty/us.map

     ```


   Please note that the file paths and startup methods may vary depending on your specific Linux distribution and version. Refer to your distribution's documentation for precise details.


By following these steps, you can remap keys on the Linux console. Remember to be cautious when editing system files, as incorrect changes can affect your system's functionality.

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